The filesystem hierarchy standard (FHS) is a filesystem standard that is used in most Unix-like OS, most notably Linux. It is maintained by the Linux Foundation. Examples of Unix-like OSs not using FHS intentionally are GoboLinux and NixOS. Booting /boot…
The x86 DOS EXE, EXE MZ or MZ file is an executable file in the family of x86 DOS systems. There are different EXE files, including MZ, NE, LE and PE. The only one used in MS-DOS era was MZ,…
This post is an introduction to operating systems (OSs) and an index for other posts with topics related to operating systems. An OS manages the computer hardware resources, so it is important to understand the different hardware components within a…
This post summarizes some metadata file formats structures. MIME is a standard to add file type information as metadata to a file. Multimedia File Metadata Formats Metadata formats: The most modern general-purpose embedded metadata format is XMP. EXIF Exchangeable Image…
ExifTool is both command-line tool and a Perl library to work with file metadata. It is free and open-source software (FOSS), under a license GPLv1+ or Artistic License. Installing ExifTool You can install ExifTool on macOS by typing: Getting Support…
This post is an introduction to system virtualization. It is part of a series of articles about virtualization. Description of System Virtualization System virtualization implies that a system (such as an operating system is virtualized). Because it was the first…
This post summarizes libraries to create multimedia content, including window creation, input management, both 2D or 3D graphics and sound. It may leverage 3D graphics libraries like OpenGL or Vulkan. You can read this post about 3D graphics libraries. Graphics…
This post explains how to manage booting on Windows OS. Windows client startup architecture To understand well how to fix boot errors, you need to have a clear understanding of these concepts: boot.ini was only used on Windows XP and…
A partition table or partition scheme is a resource that allocates all partitions within the system. Type of partition table: MBR Master Boot Record (MBR) is older than GPT. GPT Each partition within a GUID Partition Table (GPT) uses a…
This post summarizes some tools to manage disks on Windows OS, including error fixing. Tools to manage Disk on Windows Windows utilities to manage disk on Windows GUI Tools This section covers tools that Disk Management Disk Management is a…