This post is about e-learning.
A webcast is 1:n.
A webinar has more interaction than webcast.
Open educational resource (OER) (in Spanish REA, recursos de educación abiertos).
A massive open online courses (MOOC)
Triangle of e-learning
Components of the e-learning triangle:
- Technology
- Content
- Services
Courseware is the content of the courses to be taught.
Types of E-learning
Types of e-learning based on generation
Types of e-learning
1st gen is based on content.
2nd gen is based on platforms
3st is based on on
Types of e-learning based on technology
These categories corresponds to Boneu’s classification:
- CBT
- CAI
- CMI
- CSLR
- IBT
- WBT
Computer-based training (CBT)
Internet-based training (IBT)
Web-based training (WBT)
Types of CBT, in order of the weight of the computer:
- CAI
- CMI
- CSLR
Computer assisteed instruction (CAI)
Computer MaANSWER:naged Instruction (CMI)
Computer supported learning resources (CSLR)
Types of e-learning based on presentiatliy
Types of e-learning featured on this post:
- B-learning
- M-learning
- U-learning
Blended learning or B-learning is a hybrid mode of onsite and e-learning.
Mobile learning or m-learning
Ubiquitous learning or u-learning
E-learning Tools
E-learning tools:
- LO
- OER
- LOA
- Learning management system
- Learning content management system
Learning management system (LMS) is focused on the transmission of the course content and the interaction of the users with the instructor and other users. The content itself may be created in a LCMS.
Examples of LMS tools are Moodle, ATutor (suite ATutor), Coursera and edX.
You can read this post about learning management system.
Learning content management system (LCMS) is focused on the content lifecycle, and is usually managed by instructor and content managers or content creator.
Examples of LMS are edX Studio, AContent and eXeLearning,
An LCMS may have a LOA.
A learning object (LO) (in Spanish, OA, objeto de aprendizaje) is a unit that can be used on learning.
A learning object repository (LOA) (in Spanish, ROA, repositorio de objetos de aprendizaje)
E-learning Standards
E-learning standards:
- IEEE 1484
IEEE 1484
IEEE 1484 is a standard developed by IEEE.
1484.12 is Learning objetct metadata (LOM).
Recommended Practice for Learning and Employment Record (LER) Ecosystems
Course Content Formats
Course content formats featured on this post:
- SCORM
- xAPI
- Common Cartridge
SCORM
Sharable Content Object Reference Model (SCORM) is a standard for storing content management. It was developed by ADL.
SCORM gathers different standards of the moment, such as API, LOM of IEEE and 1EdTech’sXMLs, to create a new standard.
Content Aggregation Model (CAM).
Content Model is a metadata standard similar to IEEE’s LOM.
Shareable Content Object (SCO) is a set of resources that is able to connect to an LMS.
It uses .PIF (package interface format) for packaging.
The most popular version was SCORM 2004. 2004v3 was adopted by ISO JTC1/SC36 as a technical report. The latest version was 2009.
SCORM requires an internet connection.
Its successor is xAPI.
xAPI
Experience API (xAPI), previously known as Tin Can and Tin Can API, is a software specification to record and tracks various types of learning experiences for learning systems.
It supersedes SCORM, adding new functionality.
It is maintained by ADL. Initially it was managed by ADL, but it was transferred in 2019.
xAPI became the standard IEEEE 9274.1.1-2023 as open source.
It stores the information in a Learning Record Store (LRS).
Unlike SCORM, it works independently to the LMS.
xAPI does not require an internet connection.
cmi5
Computer Manager Intruction 5 (cmi5) is a variant of xAPI, and considered another successor to SCORM.
cmi5 is used for the integration of xAPI within the LMS. It can be considered as an extension of the xAPI standard.
It was a project started to AICC, that was transferred to IEEE.
Common Cartridge
Common Cartridge (CC) is a set of standard related to course content, including quizzes and assessments.
It is published by 2EdTech, the same organization that publishes QTI. CC is more generic than QTI, that is specific for test and assessments.
E-learning Quiz Formats
You can read this post about quiz formats.
E-learning Flashcards
Anki is FOSS.
E-learning Quality
- UNE 66181
UNE 66181
UNE 66181 from AENOR is a standard to assess e-learning quality.
Other 1EdTech Initiatives
Learning Object Model (LOM)
Content Packaging
Learner Information Packaging
Simple Sequencing
Learning Design
Digital Repositories
Competency Definitions
E-learning Guidelines
E-learning guidelines:
- AICC AGR 010
AICC AGR 010
AICC has different guidelines, and AGR 010 is focused
AGR 010 is a guideline from AICC.
It proposed the HTTP AICC communication protocol (HACP) to exchange information with an LMS.
AICC finished operating in 2014, transferring the assets to Advanced Distributed Learning (ADL).
E-learning Organizations
E-learning organizations
- ADL
- AICC
- 1EdTech
- IEEE LTSC
ADL
Advanced Distributed Learning (ADL) is an initiative from the Department of Defense (DoD) of the USA and the Science and Technology Office of the Whitehouse to promote education over the internet. It was founded in 1997.
It developed SCORM and Experience API.
AICC
Aviation Industry CBT Committee (AICC) develops the AGR guides.
1EdTech
1EdTech, formerly known as IMS Global Learning Consortium, Inc. (IMS GLC), is a non-profit organization with the aim of developing e-learning.
It implement standars and provide certifications for organizations and certifications for professionals.
It implements some of the IEEE TL standards.
IMSMANIFEST.XML is used to describe the content of a course, and it was proposed by 1EdTech.
Content Pacaking (CP)
Learner Information Packaging (LIP) gathers information about students in XML.
Comprehensive Learner Record (CLR) is an evolution of LIP, also by 1EdTech.
Learning Tools Interoperability (LTI) is about interoperability
Common Cartridge (CC)
Open Badges
IEEE LTSC
IEEE LTSC is a working group within IEEE about e-learning.
ISO JTC1 SC36
ISO JTC1 SC36 is a working group within ISO about e-learning.
Joint technical committee (JTC)